Coptic for All

Level 1: Lesson 4

The Coptic alphabet: Consonants

Consonants with two pronunciations

Vita  Ⲃ ⲃ

The letter Vita: Ⲃ ⲃ
can be pronounced in 2 ways:
1- Same as the English letter “v” if was followed by a vowel ( ⲁ ⲉ ⲏ ⲓ ⲟ ⲩ ⲱ )
Examples of Vita when pronounced “v”:
ⲁⲕⲓ
ⲛⲟ
ⲛⲓⲉⲛ
ⲱⲕ
ⲁⲧⲟⲥ
 
2- Same as the English letter “b” if was not followed by a vowel
Examples of Vita when pronounced “b”:
ⲧⲱϩ
ⲟⲩⲏ
ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁ
ⲛⲏ
ⲗⲱϣ

Dhelta Ⲇ ⲇ

The letter Dhelta: Ⲇ ⲇ
can be pronounced in 2 ways:
1- Same as the English letter D if it is part of a name
Examples of Dhelta when pronounced “d”:
ⲁⲩⲓ
ⲁⲛⲓⲏⲗ
Ⲓⲟⲩⲁⲥ
 
2- Same as the English sound “th” in the word “the” in all other cases
Examples of Dhelta when pronounced “th”:
ⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛ
ⲱⲣⲟⲛ
ⲓⲡⲛⲟⲛ
ⲓⲕⲉⲟⲥ

Theta Ⲑ ⲑ

The letter Theta: Ⲑ ⲑ
can be pronounced in 2 ways:
1- Same as the English letter “t” if the letter Shai “ϣ” or Sima “” came before it
Examples of Theta when pronounced “t”:
ϣ̀ⲏⲛ
ⲥ̀ⲟⲓⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ
ⲁⲥⲉⲛⲏⲥ
ⲥ̀ⲉⲣⲧⲉⲣ
 
2- Same as the English sound “th” in the word “think” in all other cases
Examples of Theta when pronounced “th”:
ⲉⲟⲥ
ⲕⲁⲁⲣⲟⲥ
ⲱⲕ
ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲥ
ⲁⲓ

Sima  Ⲥ ⲥ

The letter Sima: Ⲥ ⲥ
can be pronounced in 2 ways:
1- Same as the English letter “z” if it was followed by the letter Mi “” in a Greek word
Examples of Sima when pronounced “z” (Extremely rare, these are probably the only ones we use frequently in the liturgy):
ⲕⲟⲙⲟⲥ
ⲡⲗⲁⲙⲁ
ⲡⲓⲣⲁⲙⲟⲥ
ⲁⲥⲡⲁⲙⲟⲥ
 
2- Same as the English sound “s” in the word “small” in all other cases
Examples of Sima when pronounced “s”:
ⲱⲙⲁ
ⲥ̀ⲙⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ
ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ
ⲁϫⲓ
ⲧⲁⲱⲛⲓ

Tav Ⲧ ⲧ

The letter Tav: Ⲧ ⲧ
can be pronounced in 2 ways:
1- Same as the English letter “d” if the letter Ni “” came before it in a Greek word
Examples of Tav when pronounced “d” (Extremely rare, these are probably the only ones we use frequently in the liturgy):
ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ
ⲡⲁⲛ
ⲡⲁⲛⲱⲛ
ⲟⲛⲱⲥ
ⲉⲛⲟⲗⲏ
 
2- Same as the English sound “t” in all other cases
Examples of Tav when pronounced “t”:
ⲥⲱⲏⲣ
ⲁⲥⲱⲛⲓ
ⲥⲱⲉⲙ
ⲱⲃϩ
ⲕⲁ

Janja Ϫ ϫ

The letter Janja: Ϫ ϫ
can be pronounced in 2 ways:
1- Same as the English letter “ j ” if it was followed by an “e” sounding vowel ( ⲉ ⲏ ⲓ )
Examples of Janja when pronounced “j”:
ϫ
ϫⲏⲕ
ϫⲁϫ
ϫⲉⲙϯⲡⲓ
ϫⲓϫ
 
2- Same as the English sound “g” in the word “English” in all other cases
Examples of Janja when pronounced “g”:
ϫⲱⲙ
ⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ
ϫⲱⲣϩ
ϩⲟϫϩⲉϫ
ϩⲟⲗϫ

Test

Lesson 4 test

In order to complete the test you need to answer All the questions. When you are done click the “finish” button in the final slide 

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