Coptic for All - Lesson2-05

Level 2: Lesson 5

Past simple tense

Intro

I ⲁⲓ

you (male)
ⲁⲕ

you (female)
ⲁⲣⲉ

he ⲁϥ

she ⲁⲥ

we ⲁⲛ

you (plural)
ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛ

they ⲁⲩ

Negation of past tense

Exercise

Test

Intro

I ⲁⲓ

you (male)
ⲁⲕ

you (female)
ⲁⲣⲉ

he ⲁϥ

she ⲁⲥ

we ⲁⲛ

you (plural)
ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛ

they ⲁⲩ

Negation of past tense

Exercise

Test

Intro

As discussed in the previous lesson, forming the verb in Coptic is done by attaching prefix pronoun to beginning of the verb. Spelling of the verb itself does not change with tenses or with change of subject.

I ⲁⲓ

The prefix pronoun for I in past tense is ⲁⲓ - Examples:

+ ⲁⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ - I spoke

+ ⲁⲓϣ̀ⲗⲏⲗ - I prayed

+ ⲁⲓϩⲱⲥ - I praised

+ ⲁⲓⲛⲁϩϯ - I believed

you (male)
ⲁⲕ

The prefix pronoun for you (singular masculine) in past tense is ⲁⲕ - Examples:

+ ⲁⲕⲥⲁϫⲓ - you spoke

+ ⲁⲕϣ̀ⲗⲏⲗ - you prayed

+ ⲁⲕϩⲱⲥ - you praised

+ ⲁⲕⲛⲁϩϯ - you believed

you (female)
ⲁⲣⲉ

The prefix pronoun for you (singular feminine) in past tense is ⲁⲣⲉ - Examples:

+ ⲁⲣⲉⲥⲁϫⲓ - you spoke

+ ⲁⲣⲉϣ̀ⲗⲏⲗ - you prayed

+ ⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲥ - you praised

+ ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϩϯ - you believed

he ⲁϥ

The prefix pronoun for He in past tense is ⲁϥ - Examples:

+ ⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ - he spoke

+ ⲁϥϣ̀ⲗⲏⲗ - he prayed

+ ⲁϥϩⲱⲥ - he praised

+ ⲁϥⲛⲁϩϯ - he believed

she ⲁⲥ

The prefix pronoun for She in past tense is ⲁⲥ - Examples:

+ ⲁⲥⲥⲁϫⲓ - she spoke

+ ⲁⲥϣ̀ⲗⲏⲗ - she prayed

+ ⲁⲥϩⲱⲥ - she praised

+ ⲁⲥⲛⲁϩϯ - she believed

we ⲁⲛ

The prefix pronoun for we in past tense is ⲁⲛ - Examples:

+ ⲁⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ - we spoke

+ ⲁⲛϣ̀ⲗⲏⲗ - we prayed

+ ⲁⲛϩⲱⲥ - we praised

+ ⲁⲛⲛⲁϩϯ - we believed

you (plural)
ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛ

The prefix pronoun for you (plural) in past tense is ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛ - Examples:

+ ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ - you spoke

+ ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣ̀ⲗⲏⲗ - you prayed

+ ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲥ - you praised

+ ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩϯ - you believed

they ⲁⲩ

The prefix pronoun for they in past tense is ⲁⲩ - Examples:

+ ⲁⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ - they spoke

+ ⲁⲩϣ̀ⲗⲏⲗ - they prayed

+ ⲁⲩϩⲱⲥ - they praised

+ ⲁⲩⲛⲁϩϯ - they believed

Negation of past tense

Negation in the past tense is done by adding the prefix ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ + pronoun to the begining of the verb as follows:

ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲱϣ	I didn't read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲱϣ	you (m sing) didn't read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲱϣ	you (f sing) didn't read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲱϣ	he didn't read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲱϣ	she didn't read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲱϣ	we didn't read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱϣ	you (pl) didn't read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲱϣ	they didn't read

Exercise

Lesson 5 exercise

In order to complete the exercise you need to answer All the questions. When you are done click the "finish" button in the final slide

Test

Lesson 5 test

In order to complete the test you need to answer All the questions. When you are done click the "finish" button in the final slide

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Level 1

+ Learn the Coptic Alphabet

+ Read simple words and examples from the liturgy

+ Practice reading the Lord's prayer:

Ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ

Level 2

+ Indefinite and definite articles

+ Present tense

+ Past tense

+ Possessive adjectives

+ Adjectives & association

+ Structure of Coptic sentence

Level 3

+ Demonstrative pronouns

+ Negation of the past tense

+ Future tense

+ 2^nd Past tense

+ Possessive pronouns

+ Studying the First Canticle

Level 4

+ Imperative

+ Verb relation to object 2^nd and 3^rd degrees

+ Past continuous

+ Study the Lord’s prayer:

Ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ

Level 5

Advanced level, the curriculum will be tailored to the participants’ needs

ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲱϣ	I didn’t read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲱϣ	you (m sing) didn’t read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲱϣ	you (f sing) didn’t read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲱϣ	he didn’t read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲱϣ	she didn’t read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲱϣ	we didn’t read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱϣ	you (pl) didn’t read
ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲱϣ	they didn’t read